I develop independence by helping clients understand boundaries in relationships and working toward differentiation in their intimate relationships.  At times, differentiation may require dealing with family of origin issues and facing past trauma.  Many clients don’t need to deal with those past issues, but can focus on the here and now, current issues, and learn how to deal with them more effectively.  Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, mindfulness, EMDR and other therapies are effective modalities in this regard.